Dampak Toksik Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) Premium Terhadap Pembentukan Mikronukleus pada Akar Bawang Merah (Allium cepa): Analisis Konsentrasi dan Waktu Pemaparan
Abstract
Fuel Oil (BBM) is fuel that originates and or is processed from petroleum. Premium contains tetra-ethyl-lead containing lead with an octane rating of 88. Lead compounds are carcinogenic chemicals that can trigger aberrations and chromosomal damage that can be expressed in the form of micronuclei. Another compound commonly found in gasoline is BTEX. BTEX is an organic compound in petroleum derivatives that has been specifically studied to exhibit toxic properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of micronuclei as a result of premium exposure. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the premium concentration of P1(5%), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), P4 (20%) P5 (25%) and the length of exposure time of T1 (24 hours)), T2 (48 hours), T3 (72 hours). Statistical analysis is Two Way ANOVA analysis, further test Tukey. The results showed that the premium concentration had an effect on the formation of shallot (Allium cepa) root micronucleus, the significance value was 0.000 (p<0.05), the exposure time had an effect on the formation of the shallot (Allium cepa) root micronucleus. The significance value was 0.014 (p<0.05), the interaction between concentration and duration of exposure did not affect the formation of root micronucleus of shallot (Allium cepa) 0.999 (p>0.05). The higher the concentration of pollutants used, the more the number of micronucleus.
Abstrak
Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) adalah bahan bakar yang berasal dan atau diolah dari minyak bumi. Premium mengandung tetra-etil-lead yang mengandung timbal dengan nilai oktan 88. Senyawa timbal merupakan zat kimia yang bersifat karsinogenik yang dapat memicu aberasi dan kerusakan kromosom yang dapat terekspresikan dalam bentuk mikronukleus. Senyawa lain yang biasa ditemukan dalam bensin adalah BTEX. BTEX adalah senyawa organik dalam turunan minyak bumi yang telah dipelajari secara khusus menunjukan sifat toksik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untu mengetahui adanya mikronukleus sebagai akibat pemaparan premium. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 2 Faktor yaitu konsentrasi premium P1(5%), P2 (10%), P3 (15%), P4 (20%) P5 (25%) dan lama waktu pemaparan T1 (24 jam), T2 (48 jam), T3 (72 jam). Analisis statistik adalah analisis Two Way ANOVA, uji lanjut Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi premium berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan mikronukles akar bawang merah (Allium cepa) nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05), waktu pemaparan berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan mikronukles akar bawang merah (Allium cepa) nilai signifikansi 0,014 (p<0,05), interaksi antara konsentrasi dan lama aktu pemaparan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan mikronukles akar bawang merah (Allium cepa) 0,999 (p>0,05). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi pencemar yang digunakan jumlah mikronukleus semakin banyak.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/organisms.v4i1.21472
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